Abnormal pschology

?
  • Created by: M.e.D
  • Created on: 08-01-15 14:52

Abnormal psychology

DEFINITIONS

  1. Deviation from social norms

X. Change over time (homosexuality) X. Subjective - open to opinion  X. Depends on context - (nazi's) X. Cultural relativity  X. Social control (Thomas Szasz 1961 - if poeple are doing unwated things -label)

       2. Failure to Function adequatley :

  • Personal distress
  • Maladaptive behaviour
  • unprediactability
  • Irationality
  • violation of moral and standards

X. Abnormaility isnt always accompanied by dysfunction X. Very subjective and unclear

       3. Deviation from ideal mental health (lack of:)

 

  • Positive attidues about oneself
  • self actualisation
  • personal autonomy
  • accurate perception of reality
  • resistance to stress
  • ability to adapt to enviroment
  • Mainly focuses on diagnoses and treatment

X. Ovrdemanding criteria - very few poeple have all six all the time  X. Cultural relevance X. Contextual - changes over time  X. Subjective  


THE MEDICAL MODEL

Pathology can be understood as the effect of some singular cause - as in the concept of deisese some pathological agent is disturbing the homestasis of the entire organism (Cicchetti 1984, p.3)

  • The most used and accepted approach in the west
  • Mental disorders are biological in cause
  • Treated in the same way as physical illnesses

Illnesses are due to:

  • Genetics
  • Infection
  • problems in brain chemistry

Examples of Sz being biologically caused :

  • KENDLER 1985:People are 18X more likely to develop sz if its already in the family (Genetics)
  • BARR 1990: Children more likely to develop sz if Mothers got the flu when pregnant (infection)#
  • REYNOLDS 1992 - sz is caused due to Increased activity of doopamine receptors neurotransmission - post mortems 1970 showed increased numbers of D2 receptors in people with SZ -(Symptoims of sz including akathasia and dystonia also found to be related to dopamine)

Treatment usually involves

  • Drugs / pharmacuetical treatment / ECT

DRUGS

Anti psychotics

  • used to treat sz and sevre disorders
  • e.g chlorprozamine - first generation
  • a -typical anti psychotyics releasesd in 1990s
  • e.g clozapine and Risperdal
  • side effcets include spasams, seizures, imobility
  • clozapine can cause  agranulocytosis (loss of the white blood cells that fight infection)
  • doses are administered by doctors

Good?

  • seen as a revelation in the 1950's - altyernative to restraints
  • relieve symptoms
  • allow poeple independance - poeple can function in everyday life

Bad?

  • do not solvce the problem only mask it
  • can be seen as a medical straight jacket in hospitals
  • treatment failiures occur in 1 in 6 patients - (Emsley et al., 2013)
  • do not work for everybody
  • relapse and sicontinuation is common
  • treatment discontinuation is estimated in 74% of patients (lieberman 2005)

Diagnoses is typically carried out through the DIAGNOSTIC STATICTICAL MANUAL

  • assumes poeople people exhibit symptoms
  • symptoms can be categorized
  • normal can be distinguished from abnormal

history:

  • DSM I released in 1952
  • Introduced as a diagnostic classification tool
  • provides diagnostic crieteria and descriptions used widely by medical and mental health proffessionals

DSM is constantly changing

  • DSM I reffered to menatl disorders as "reactions"
  • DSM II - released in 1968 reffered to them as illnesses
  • Homosexulaity was in it as a disorder up until 1973…

Comments

COUNTERFEIT MONEY

Report

We are the most reliable online supplier to order fake money. Money is technically just a piece of paper, everything in our lives revolves around it, People have been using different types of notes and coins for centuries and there were always counterfeits. When the first coin was minted, the fake one appeared right away. So, the usage of fake currency is nothing new. Although this practice is discouraged and not accepted by any country, with our high-quality counterfeit bills for sale, it’s absolutely safe. We are one of the most reliable online suppliers on the web that produces indistinguishable premium banknotes passing all security tests, undetected by ATMs, Money Counting Machines, Self-checkout machines, and counterfeit pens. Do you want to take a chance and get more for less? Then do not hesitate to get in touch with our customer support representatives. We aim to help our clients from all over the globe to live without boundaries. That is why we provide free worldwide shipping on all orders above $5000. Whatsapp Us: +44 7537 166220 Email:............ [email protected] General support:.. [email protected] http://expressfuhrerscheinxperten.com/ http://expressfuhrerscheinxperten.com/second-passport/ http://expressfuhrerscheinxperten.com/drivers-license/ http://expressfuhrerscheinxperten.com/banknotes/ Buy counterfeit notes from our store to make your life less difficult. We all have some dreams and desires throughout our lives. However, most of them require significant funding to come true. So, it usually comes out that these dreams wouldn’t have happened due to a lack of money. Here at counterfeit online store, we believe that every person has the right to be happy and live freely. That’s why we provide our clients with the best counterfeit money for sale to shortcut their path to prosperity. Have you ever wondered what actions do governments take when they need currencies? They just turn on the printing machine and this is exactly what we do to refill your money supply! We utilize only cutting-edge equipment to create notes of high quality that can be used anywhere (including banks) and look like the original. Our company stands by the unmatched quality of the fake money we sell. The notes we sell have all necessary security features including watermarks, security threads, and foil elements that original money has. That’s why they cannot be distinguished by the naked eye. We are the best producers of genuine Data-based Registered High Quality Real/Registered Passport, Driver's Licenses, ID Cards, And other Citizenship Documents. Buy High-Quality Data-based Registered Machine, Read-able Scan-able Driver's Licenses, ID’s, Passports, and And Citizenship Documents. We provide all kinds of jobs, both skilled and unskilled, and a 3 year working visas in these countries. Are you trying to change your nationality? do you need work papers and job? do you want to travel? do you need papers you can't have? if yes, then you are in the right place at the right time. We are an independent group of specialized IT professionals and database technicians who are specialized in the production of high quality real and novelty documents such as passports, drivers license, id cards, stamps, visas, diplomats of very high quality, and other products for all countries: USA, Australia, UK, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Italian, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Mexico, Netherlands, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, the Middle East. Do you need permanents visas or nationality? we provide IELTS certificate, passports, I'd card, residents permit and counterfeits money and utility bills Whatsapp Us: +44 7537 166220 Email:............ [email protected] General support:.. [email protected] http://expressfuhrerscheinxperten.com/ http://expressfuhrerscheinxperten.com/second-passport/ http://expressfuhrerscheinxperten.com/drivers-license/ http://expressfuhrerscheinxperten.com/banknotes/
jessicavi

Report

All of your favorite retro games are right here! Simply click to begin exploring and playing right away on your browser!

JohnShelT

Report

Abnormal psychology is captivating due to its exploration of the complexities of the human mind, its impact on individuals and society, its potential for reducing stigma, and its contributions to therapeutic advancements and overall mental well-being.