A Level PE - The Emergence of Modern Sport:

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  • Created by: hotzmc
  • Created on: 21-12-17 00:15

A Level PE - The Emergence of Modern Sport:

Pre-Industrialisation (1700 - 1750):

  • During this time life was very rural and sport was very basic
  • ‘Mob Games’ were played on bank holidays and was the only form of sport people played
  • E.g. Shrovetide Football 

Post Industrialisation (1750 - 1900):

  • This is when Britain experienced the industrial revolution
  • Factories were built in large towns and cities
  • Transport links were improved (e.g. railways, buses)
  • People went from living rural lives to moving into towns and cities to work

The Influence of Public Schools in Post-Industrial Britain:

Early Public Schools (Pre-1940):

  • Very unruly places
  • The boys would fight, gamble, owned guns and showed no respect to authority
  • Younger boys were treated as slaves by the older boys, high bullying culture

The Influence of Thomas Arnold:

  • He was the headmaster of Rugby School (1828 - 1841)
  • He didn’t like the unruly behaviour
  • He wanted to bring about change, so came up with muscular christianity concept
  • Along with the muscular christianity concept, Arnold also introduced a house system whereby inter house competition could take place
  • This helped Arnold gain ‘social control’ of the previously unruly boys as teachers could threaten to ban them from sports
  • Many public schools soon followed their own versions of sports (e.g. football)

Muscular Christianity: the combination of Christian Gentleman beliefs with patriotic duty, manliness, the moral and physical beauty of athleticism, teamwork, discipline and self sacrifice.

Codification and Rationalisation of Sport:

  • Many public schools had their own versions of sports, which was an issue when boys left school for uni
  • All of the boys thought their version of the sport was best so they needed to decide on a unified set of rules
  • To solve the dispute, rules from each game were used in order to create 1 unified version of the rules
  • This process was known as the melting point

The Codification of Football:

  • Football was the 1st sport to be codified
  • Public schools such as Eton, Rugby and Harrow all had their own versions of the game
  • Leavers of these schools decided to make a unified set of rules so inter-school matches could be played between their old schools
  • The Cambridge rules were created in 1848 at Cambridge University by the alumni of some public schools
  • The Cambridge rules were adopted by most, but some schools continued to play their own versions
  • On 26th Oct 1863 at Freemasons’ Tavern in London, The Football Association was formed and after more meeting between the The FA members, a comprehensive set of the rules were made
  • These rules are the basis of football today

The Development of Football:

  • During

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