2. Stable and Unstable Nuclei
- Created by: COldnall
- Created on: 19-05-16 20:04
There's 4 types of forces:
Electromagnetic, Gravitational, Strong Nuclear and Weak Nuclear
Strong Nuclear:
- Holds everything together in the nucleus
- Repulsive at very short, < 0.5fm
- Attractive from 0.5fm to 3fm
- After that the force falls to zero, whilst the EM force repulsives forever.
Decay;
- Alpha Decay occurs with very big atoms (with more than 82 protons), it emits an alpha particle, with 2 protons and 2 neutrons.
- Alpha particles have very short ranges, this can be demostrated by the 'cloud chamber' or you can use a 'Geiger counter' to measure the amount of radiation.
- Beta minus decay is the emission of an electron (beta-minus particle) and antineutrino; it occurs when the isotopes are neutron rich and a neutron in the nucleus is turned into a proton. The antineutrino carries away some energy and momentum.
- The neutrino was discovered as the beta-decay didn't work without it due to the conservation of energy rule.
Application Questions:
Q1) Beta-minus decay.
Q2) You would expect beta-minus decay, since…
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