14.2 Polypeptide synthesis- Transcription and Splicing, and 14.3 Translation

Proteins are made up of polypeptides.

Transcription

This is a very simple process where MRNA is produced from DNA.

A DNA molecule is split into single strands by DNA helicase.

Free bases are then joined together by RNA polymerase in order to form a single strand which is complimentary to the DNA strand.

This single strand is called pre-MRNA and contains many introns which don't code for any amino acids.

Splicing

This is where all the introns are taken out of pre-MRNA in order to form MRNA which is completely formed of exons. 

Translation

A ribosome attaches to the start codon on the…