Y 9 Biology

Diffusion

Diffusion is the movment of molecules from an area of high concentration into an area of a lower concentration. This can be shown by adding any coloured crystal that dissolves in water.

A solution is made up of two things, the solute and the solvent. The solute dissolves in the solvent. A concentrated solution has a high solute to solvent ratio and a dilute solution has a low solute to solvent ratio.

Osmosis

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of low water potential to an area of high water pontential across a partially permiable membrane. Plants use Osmosis to stay upright.

Active transport

Active transport is when a carrier protein moves a molecule from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration with the use of energy(ATP(Adenosine-Tri-Phosphates)).

Kingdoms

There are 5 kingdoms of animals on our planet:

• Animals(Multicelled, can't produce own food)
• Plants(All green plants that photosynthesize)
• Fungi(Moulds,Mushrooms,Yeast)
• Prokaryotes(Bateria,Bluegreen Algae)
• Protoctists(Amoeba,Chlorella,Plasmodium)

Dichotomus keys are used for classification. they are usually a yes no question thing or something that tells you to go to a different question. For example  1.Is it smooth Yes go to Q 4   no go to q 2 2.Is it a dull...etc.

Organisation of Living things is

• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

Simple Carbs

Choose the food/drink(MUST BE COLOURLESS) that you think has the carbs in and add some benidicts solution. When heated the solution goes blue

Starch

Choose food or drink add iodine, iodine turns black in the presence of starch

Protein

Protein + Sodium hydroxide + Dilute copper sulfate will turn purple with presence of protein

Fat

Forms an emulsion when alchohol and water are are added and it is shaken to form a milky liquid.