Woven, Non-Woven and Knitted fabrics and Weaves

- WEFT - (LEFT) Across the yarn horizontally

- WARP - (Dr.Who theme tune) Vertically across the yarn

~ Made by bonding or felting - directly from fibres rather than yarns

Bonding - 

• Made from synthetic fibres bonded together with heat or adhesive
• Cheap, crease resistant, does not fray
• Not as strong as woven or knitted
• Suitable for washing and dry cleaning
• USED in interling

Felting(Wool felt) -

• Made from animal hair or wool fibres matted together using moisture, heat and pressure
• No strength, drape or elasticity
• Does not fray
• Warm
• USED in hats, slippers, handi-crafts

There are different woven structures: Plain, Twill and Satin weaves.

- Plain weave - strong, firm, hard wearing, 

• Used in garments, household textiles and accessories
• criss cross pattern
• CHIFFON, OGANZA, TAFFETA

- Twill Weave - strong, drapes well 

• Used in jackets, suits, trousers, jeans and curtains
• diagonal pattern
• CHINO, DRILL, DENIM

- Satin Weave - smooth, soft, sheen

• Used in curtain linings, evening wear, upholstery
• 4 or more weft yarns over one warp, or vice versa
• SATIN, SATEEN

There are two types of knitted fabrics, weft and warp knitting

- WEFT - Made from a single yarn

•  Fed across the width of the fabric, made by looping long yarns 
• Stretchy and comfortable
• USED in socks, t-shirts and jumpers
• If a stitch is dropped it will ladder!
• Machine done or hand

- WARP - Made on straight or circular knitting machines

• Interlocking vertical yarns
• Slightly stretchy, does NOT ladder
• USED in sportswear, swim wear and 'geotextiles' 
• Done by machine

         Weft Knitting                                                              Warp Knitting