Web Application Terms

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The Internet

  • A global computer network
  • Consists of interconnected networks
  • Using communication protocols
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WWW (World Wide Web)

  • A system of interlinked hyprtext documents
  • Accessed via the internet using a browser
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URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

  • A unique address
  • Identifies every resource on the internet
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HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

  • A protocol which defines how data is transferred over the internet
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IP Address

  • A unique physical address of each computer linked to the internet
  • Either static or dynamic
  • Contains a group of 4 numbers separated by a dot
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Web Browser

  • An application running on a user's computer
  • Requests text and graphics of webpages from the web server on the internet
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Web Server

  • Provides webpages/resources in response to requests from web users
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Web Hosting

  • Allows an individual/organisation to make their website accessible via the WWW
  • Provides space on a server owned/leased for client use
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FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

  • Protocol for the transfer of files across the internet to the web server
  • Users can access a server request for a file to be downloaded
  • Alternatively - upload the file to the web server where they are stored
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ISP (Internet Service Provider)

  • Provides user with a range of services
  • Has direct links to the internet
  • Accepts transmissions from users over commmunication lines and passes these onto the internet
  • Sells internet to individuals/companies + provides access to web servers
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Search Engine

  • Web based tool that searches for information using key words or criteria
  • Use of a 'spider' or 'webcrawler'.
  • The program 'crawls' thorugh the web + constructs an index of pages based on metadata embedded in the head
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Cache

  • Situated closest to the processor
  • Allows browsers to download images, data & documents for faster viewing in the future
  • A local copy of the information is kept, therefore the browser is able to load at least some information without a download
  • Loading time decreases
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Cookies

  • Small files downloaded to a computer when visiting a website
  • Previous activity and user preferences is stored
  • This information can be used when the user visits the site again
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Portal

  • A website that acts as a main entry point to a group of web services
  • Requires user to log on and provide a range of services e.g. email & links to other sites
  • Example: Yahoo.com
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Website

  • A collection of HTML pages
  • Linked together on the world wide web
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Webpage

  • A page of information stored on the WWW
  • Usually written using HTML and viewed using a web browser
  • Can contain hypertext - provides the user with clickable links to other webpages and multimedia, e.g. sound, video or animations as well as simple text.
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