Water and Inorganic Ions

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Hydrogen Bonding

Elctromagnetic attraction between a pair of polar molecules, such as water where the hydrogen atoms are slighlty positive and the oxygen atom is slightly negative, this causes bonds to form of hydrogens of one molecule ot oxygens to others. 

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Condensation

Chemical process by which 2 molecules are joined together to make a larger more complex molecule releasing  oxygen as doing so.

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Hydrolysis

The opposite to condensation. A large molecule splits into 2 smaller molecules using up water in the process. 

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Properties of Water

  • Universal Solvent 
  • Liquid at room temperature 
  • Latent heat of vapourisation 
  • Latent heat of fusion
  • Density 
  • Wetness
  • Capilliraty 
  • Surface Tension 
  • Colourless 
  • Low viscosity 
  • Difficult to compress 
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Inorganic Ions

Formed when 1 or more eletrons are lost or gained from an atom.

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Function of Calcium

Structural componant of teeth an bones 

Transmission of electrical nerve impulses

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Function of Potassium

Transmission of electrical nerve impulses 

Controls turgidity of stomatal guard cells 

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Function of Chloride ions

Allow concentrated urine to be excreted to conserve water 

Balence positve cation charge of sodium and potassium 

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Function of Phosphate ions

Help make nucleotides 

Structural componant of teeth and bones 

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Iron

Used in the haem group in haemoglobin to bind oxygen to blood 

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