Urbanising World

megacity - more than 10 million inhabitants

world city - city with dominant role in global process

urban primacy - mosti important city in country 

hinterland - region around city

natural increase - difference between number of deaths and births in a year

formal employment - jobs that pay taxes with job security + legal protection

informal employment - not regulated jobs - easy for new arrivals in the city

regeneration - investment into old, run-down parts of city (inner city areas)

population in 2013 = 12 million

1991 population = 9.9 million

greater Mumbai size = 603 km squared

population desity = 20500 people per km squared

42% live in slums

68% work in the informal sector

rural-urban growth

high rate of natural increase - more births than deaths

city has a strong economy - foreign investments 

huge informal sector

dangers from fires, flooding and landslides

no clean water, electricity, rubbish collection or sewage disposal

high crime rates

people are malnourished - lack of money and food

litter and sewage = disease

life is very stressful

homes built with scrap materials

too many people live in the same house at once - small homes for about 10+ people

ADVANTAGES

large-scale

government has power to make landowners sell land for new developments

pass laws to change peoples behaviour (dumping waste in city rivers)

DISADVANTAGES

impose change people might not like - slum clearance

government can be biased - needs for businesses and not community/the poor

expensive and complicated - going over budget = more taxes for residents

ADVANTAGES

traget specific needs - health + education

some government don't see slums as legal - won't help

positive multiplier effect - improve child health = more children at school

DISADVANTAGES

cannot fix city-wide problems - congestion

governments should be fixing it 

schemes can cause conflict with governments who want slum land for profitable land use