Transfer of learning

Transfer explains the effect that the learning of one skill may have on the learning of another skill.

There are 6 types of transfer

1. Positive transfer: occurs when the learning of one skill facilitates the learning of another skill

2. Negative transfer: occurs when the learning of one skill inhibits the learning of an additional skill

3. Proactive transfer: occurs when a previously learned skill has an effect on a skill learned later. It can be positive or negative.

4. Retroactive transfer: occurs when new skills influence the learning and performance of a skill learned previously. This can also be postive or negative.

5. Bilateral transfer: is the transfer of skills from one side of the  body to the opposite side.

6. Zero transfer: occurs when there are no similarities between the tasks and therefore there is no effect on either skill.

To ensure +ve transfer, the coach should:

• ensure that the performer's first skill is grooved
• highlight the potential for transfer
• ensure that the practice environment for both skills is similar
• make practice sessions as close to the game situation as possible
• give praise, reinforcement and rewards when positive transfer takes place as this will motivate the performer

To limit the effects of -ve transfer, the coach should:

• ensure that the first skill is grooved before the second skill is presented
• highlight the differences in the skills, and therefore the potential for -ve transfer
• ensure that the performer understands all the components of the skill