Transfer of data in ict systems

LAN = Local Area Network. usually connects a small amount of computers in a small geographical area and usually connected via cables

WAN = Wide Area Network. covers a large geographical area and could be linked with cables but usually connected wirelessly using microwave or satellites

MAN = Metropoliton Area Network. covers a town or city and could be connected by cables, microwaves or satellites

Intranet = An intranet is a network that is usually held inside of a building that only certain computers can have access to. It can be used to hold all the resources that the business or company needs.

Extranet = An intranet that can be partially accessed by authorized outside users, enabling businesses to exchange information over the Internet in a secure way

Peer-to-peer Networks = a network at its simplest, a computer network that joins two computers together to share and also connect to a printer. Each computer needs a network interface card and the connection is either wirelessly or the use of cables

Client-Server Networks = this network is commonly used in larger organisations due to the fact there is the use of a huge server and the network is based around that. It stores all the documents and resources the organisation needs. 

Interconnected Digital Home = A wireless system that connectes all the devices in the home together and to connect to each other wirelessly.

TCP/IP = Manages the flow of data across a network

HTTP/S = Hyper text transfer protocol defines how webpages are requested and transferred across the internet

FTP = File transfer protocol - allows users to send files to each other over the internet

POP3 = Post office protocol - Manages emails between computer systems

SSL = Secure socket layer - A cryptographic system used when transferring credit card details and passwords

Why do we need protocols?
The protocols are rules which all manufactures need to follow and they mean that any device can connect to the internet and do things such as send emails and browse websites on the internet.