Reasons behind the trend in tourism

Two income families- Families with two incomes generate more money and have more to spend.

More affluence - since 1950 people have become more wealthy. There is more disposable income. People also now have paid time off work for holidays.

Greater awareness - through advertising or television programmes people are more aware of how and where they can spend their free time.

More car ownership - more families own a car. This gives greater freedom to choose when and where to spend time.

Improvements in technology - travelling today is much quicker. Motorways and aircraft have helped reduce the time it takes to get to different countries. Travelling by air has become more accessible as you can book on line and choose more budget options.

More leisure time - people have paid holidays from work (on average three weeks per year are paid). Also people who are retired remain active for longer. There is also a trend to take more than one holiday in a year.

More choice - in the past seaside holidays and package holidays were the most popular. The industry is seeing more people look at ecotourism and more unusual holiday destinations.

The seven stages of tourist development

A graph of Butler’s resort life cycle model

1. Exploration - a small number of tourists visit the area. The area is unspoilt and few tourist facilities exist.
2. Involvement - local people start to provide some facilities for tourists. There starts to become a recognised tourist season.
3. Development - the host country starts to develop and advertise the area. The area becomes recognised as a tourist destination.

1. Exploration - a small number of tourists visit the area. The area is unspoilt and few tourist facilities exist.
2. Involvement - local people start to provide some facilities for tourists. There starts to become a recognised tourist season.
3. Development - the host country starts to develop and advertise the area. The area becomes recognised as a tourist destination.
4. Consolidation - the area continues to attract tourists. The growth in tourist numbers may not be a fast as before. Some tensions develop between the host and the tourists.
5. Stagnation - the facilities for the tourists may decline as they become old and run down. The numbers of tourists may decline too.
6. Rejuvenation - investment and modernisation may occur which leads to improvements and visitor numbers may increase again.
7. Decline - if the resort is not rejuvenated (stage 6) then it will go into decline. People lose their jobs related to tourism. The image of the area suffers.

-Cheaper flights

- Convinient

- Speak some english

-closer/ smaller travel time

-Skiing and beach=  variety

-Family in europe

Location- Holidays within own country have increased due to recession. Also family living in different parts of the country.

Holiday camps- e.g. butlins

In the 1960's-80's more people went abroad to Spain; package holidays

A package holiday is where a travel company books your flights and transfers all in one deal. All inclusive is accomodation on top of that.

Social factors

• Increased leisure time
• Development of communications and information technology
• Increased range of products for tourists
• Holiday camps e.g. Disney theme park or Butlins

Why did leisure time increase?

• Holiday entitlement
• Shorter working week
• Early retirement with pension
• Jobs include holiday entitlement
• Computer reservations/telephones/email

Economic-

• Greater wealth
• Exchange rate
• Development in transport

Greater wealth:

• More disposeable income
• Fewer children
• Two income families
• Minimum wage 

Income of people in HIC's and LIC's have increased at a greter rate than the cost of necessities.

Income of people in HIC's and MIC's increased at a greater rate than the price of necessities.

• Average wage= £23,00, --> disposeable income 
• Fewer kids
• More families with 2 earners
• Cheaper currency
• $2=£1, more people go to the USA
• When the exchange dropped more tourists came to the UK

Hard to travel to Germany and China due to politics.

• North Korea= no tourists
• Visa's needed in Cuba and China
• EU boundaries= more relaxed, more tourists/ more weekend breaks

• 1965- Hols in the UK... Devon!

Low impact on enviroment

High impact--> building new shops/restaurants

• 1975- Holidays in EU.. Ferries!

High impact- carbon footprint of planes or car or ferries

Building new hotels/shops/restaurants

• 1995- Worldwide holidays

Carbon footprint! More crowded beaches :(

• 2010- backpacking in Thailand!

High imapct= plane/carbon footprint ... BUT no cars..ey ey?!

Low impact= walking= basics not staying in hotels or driving etc

• 2050- Walking holiday

Low impact= walking

High impact= buiding new hotels

OR

Holidays in space..!

HIGH IMPACT.....DUHHHHHH

• 1720 (exploration) Only visitors were landed gentry, swam in sea
• 1735 (exploration) first guest house- Edward Whiteside
• 1780 (Involvement) 4 hotels, working class guest houses
• 1781 (Involvement) First private road for cars/coaches
• 1840 Train line
• 1856 Promenade
• 1863 Noth pier
• 1868 Facilities built
• 1870 central pier
• 1878 winter gardens
• 1890 (Consolodation)
• 1894 Blackpool tower

• 1972 North promenade, Railway station upgraded
• 1975 New roads, new station, new car park , Blackpool Zoo 
• 1980 New shopping centre/ mall
• 1986 Pleasure beach opened
• 1990 DECLINE Visitors7.4m -3.9m, spend 800m-->500m because of holidays abroad
• 2003 REJUVENATION 20,000 new jobs, art centre built, 11m visitors, 14m upgrade
• 2010 Strictly  come dancing final, zero drunk tolerance, football premier league, robbie williams illuminations