Topic 5- Organisations- school, home and enviroment

• Used to record attendance 
• Used for health and saftey 
• Used to diacourage truency 
• Used to provide statistics to be used in comparisons with other schools

Teachers recorded marks next to students names twice a day. The marks where then added up manually by a teacher. 

• Registers where often left unattended, which meant students could easily alter the register. 
• Mistakes in register entries meant registers where hard to understand. 

• Capturing student attendance automatically 
• Very fast recording of attendance details
• Enabling not only morning and afternoon attendance to be recorded but also attendance every lesson. 

Works by teachers shading in boxes on forms the forms are then batched together and sent for reading by an optical mark reader. 

• Cheap method of registration 
• Can be used for other purposes. 

Registers need to be phsically passed to admin staff

OR

They are easily damaged, when folded they are sometimes not readable. 

Smart cards contain a chip. When the card is swiped the chip is read by a reader which then records attendance.  

• They can be used for other purposes e.g. canteen 
• It saves teachers time

• Open to abuse- Friends swiping cards for other firends when they are not really in school. 
• Can be easily lost or forgotten
• Can be expenive to set up 

Swipe cards are plastic like a creadit card. Unlike a smart card, swipe cards contain a magnetic ***** with data on it. Students swipe their card through a reader and their attendance is recorded. 

• It is not as expensive as a smart card to set up
• Saves teachers time

• Open to abuse- Friends swiping their card for another friend who isn't actually in school.
• It can be lost, stolen or forgotten. 

A property of a human body, such as fingerprints or pattern on the retina that can be used to identify a person. 

• Fingerprinting 
• Retinal scanning

• There is nothing such as a card for a student to forget 
• You have to be there to register- No one else can do it for you
• Performed in real time so the system know exactly who has registered and when. 

• Biometric systems are expensive 
• There are privacy issues
• Total reliance on ICT system 

Systems that supply information to manergers and other staff

• To work out how many students will be in the new year 7 and to allocate them into forms. 
• To decide whether a new teacher should be employed 
• To work out the beast way of allocating teachers and classrooms

• They reduce the workload for teachers in the classroom and in the school office. 
• They can provide up to date information for parents 
• They can support decision making for school managers. 

• The software is expensive to buy
• Student data is personal, so there must be no unortherised access
• The sotware is complex so staff need training

Data logging is where readings are taken regularly of a period of time using sensors. 

• You can set the logging rate- this determines how often the readings are taken
• The sensors can be put in remote locations

Sensors are used to detect and measure physical quantities

1. Temperature/ heat sensors- can be used in school experimants such as investigating the cooling of a hot drink in different thickness' of a cardboard cup. 

2. Light sensors- Detect the brightness of a light. Can be used to see how light levels afftect the growth of a plant. 

• Sound sensors- measure the loudness of a sound. Can be used in noise disputes 
• Pressure sensors- barometric pressure sensors measure air pressure: other pressure sensors measure depth of liqud or something pressing on them. 
• Humidity sensors- These measure the moisture in the air. 
• Passive infared sensors- these are the sensors used in schools and home to detect movement. 

• Readings always taken at exactly the right time
• Do not need anyone to take readings 
• No human error when taking readings 

• Sensor
• Output device

By using a series of 0's and 1's. A sensor will detect a particluar occurrence and respons appropriately. These are known as input bits. Output bits control output devices and again use 0's and 1's 

• Security light systems 
• Burglar alarm system

• It can operate continuosly 24/7 
• It is cheaper- no need to pay wages
• It can work in deangerous places (e.g. a robot to remove a bomb)
• It is easy to change the way the device works by reprogramming it. 

• The initial cost of equipment is high
• The equipment can go wrong 
• Fewer people are needed- leads to unemployment
• If there is a power cut the equipment will fail

Data is collected by sensors and sent to the computer/ processor for processing 

• Using icons 
• Graphically
• Using text
• Using numbers

• Heat/temperature sensors
• Rain sensors 
• Wind speed and wind direction sensors 
• Light sensors 
• Humidity sensors

• Data can be collected automatically 
• Data is collected at exactly the right time
• Weather data can be collected from remote and inhospitable locations. 

• Equipment is expensive 
• Malfunction of equipment may lead to incorrect forecasts