Artists dependent on support of noble or royal patron. Tudor monarchs patronised portrait painters provided they glorified the monarch and regime.
Artists came from the continent - new techniques arrived very slowly
Noble patronage:
Artists sought favour from emergin wealthy elites - Earl of Leicester had 220 pictures.
Monarchs and nobles had own troupe of actors. Patron provided protection from arrest and used patronage as a display of wealth and status.
Elizabeth didn't spend much on patronage but her courtiers did.
Writers would put together a panegyric to praise a patron. Leicester a patron of many writers, actors and theatre troupes. Gathered meeting of poets at Leicester house in London
After 1572 companies needed better protection from arrest for vagrancy - Leicester able to secure this for Burbage's company from the queen
After 1574 theatre companies had noble patrons and were named after them - The Lord Chamberlain's Men. The Queen also had a company called Queen Elizabeth's men adn was a patron of Shakespeare.
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What impact did the reformation have on culture?
Significant impact on religious visual culture. Iconoclasm in Edward's reign ended tradition of decorated churches and shrines.
Saints whitewashed and statues destroyed. Rood screens burned.
Mary's government tried to restore some Catholic heritage with influence from Spain.
Under Elizabeth, the renaissance and humanism saw replacemet of religious images with the written word of God.
Popular culture saw printed cheap ballads and songs with woodcuts rather than painted spiritual images
The Reformation inspired writers to justify the Royal Supremacy - Holbein's Solomon and the Queen of Sheba and the 1539 Great Bible in English.
Portraits of Elizabeth incorporated relgious symbolism as Elizabeth became the Virgin Queen in place of the Virgin Mary
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