The Internet

A network of computer networks and computers using unique IP addresses and TCP/IP

A gateway connects networks that use different link layer protocols.

A router connects networks that use the same link layer protocol.

An IP address is a unique address that identifies a computer or other electronic device on a network.

World Wide Web; a system of interlinked hypertetxt documents accessed via the internet, also called the Web.

A private computer network used to share information or operations within a organisation.

A name that identifies one or more IP adressses, e.g. the domain name microsoft.com represents serveral IP adresses

Fully qualified domain name; it consists of a host ID and a domain name.

A server that translates a fully qualified domain names into IP addresses.

Uniform resource locator; a URI that identifies a resource by its network location.

Uniform resource identfier; specifies how to access a resource on the internet.

A software process that provides a service requested by a client.

A software process that request and uses the services provided by a server.

A client software process iniates a requests for a service from a server software process, and the server responds to that request.

A set of agreed signals, codes and rules for data exchange between systems.

A collection of protocol layers: each layer is responsible for a part of the process governed by the stack.

A protocol stack fro TCP/IP; it has an application layer, a transport layer, a network layer and link layer.

An address for a software process

A combination of a host IP address and a port number.

Data passes both ways at the same time.

Adds source and destination IP addresses to packets on their way from the transport layer to the link layer and removes sources and destination IP addresses on their way from the link layer to the transport layer.

Handles all physical detail of interfacing with the cable, including the network interface card and device driver.

Handles the details of a particular networking application, e.g. a web browser using HTTP.

Temporary port numbers used by client processes, they lie in the range 1024 to 4095.

Universally known port numbers used by servers; they lie in the range 0 to 1023.