In the 1960's, it was noted that many countries of the more developed world had gone through the first four stages of the model. Countries of the less developed world seemed to be in a situation similar to stage 2 - the death rates had fallen but thier birth rates were still very high, leading to rapid population growth.
In the UK, as noted stage 2 took over 100 years to complete. This was because social, economic, and technological changes were introduced gradually and the death rate fell slowly. In many parts of the less developed world, the death rate has fallen much more rapidly because these changes, particularly the introduction of Western medical practices, have taken place more quickly. The birth rate, however, has stayed high and so the population has increased rapidly.
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