The Blood System

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  • Created by: Hope
  • Created on: 16-03-14 15:40

The Circulatory System

  • the heart- which is the muscular pump that keeps the blood moving around the body

  • theblood- which carries the substances around the body

  • thearteries- which carry blood away from the heart

  • theveins- which return blood to the heart

  • thecapillaries- which are tiny blood vessels that are close to the body’s cells where exchanges can happen

Hmans have a double  circulatory system (one for the lungs and one for the rest of the body)

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The Heart

  • The organ responsible for pumping blood around the circulatory system 
  • Walls of the heart are made from muscle tissue which can contract to put blood under pressure, forcing its movement 
  • Consists of two seperate sides (double circulation) the blood doesnt mix between the two 
  • The right side recieves deoxygenateed blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs.
  • The left side recieves the freshly oxygenated blood and pumps it to the rest of the body, It has thicker walls than the right ventricle because it has to pump blood further
  • Each pump has 2 chambers 
  • Each side has an atrium at the top that recieves blood from a vien 
  • They also have a ventricle at the bottom that pushes blood out of the heart through an artery
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The Passage of blood through the heart

Deoxygenated blood arrives at the left-hand side of the heart:

  1. It enters the heart through the vena cava.
  2. Blood flows into the right atrium.

  3. Blood is pumped into the right ventricle.

  4. Blood is pumped out of the heart, along the pulmonary artery, to the lungs.

Oxygenated blood arrives at the right-hand side of the heart:

  1. It enters the heart through the pulmonary vein.
  2. Blood flows into the left atrium.
  3. Blood is pumped into the left ventricle.
  4. Blood is pumped out of the heart, along the aorta, to the rest of the body
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The coronary blood vessels

The heart tissue needs a constant supply of oxygen and glucose to keep working 

These are carried to the heart tissue by the conorary arteries 

Wastes such as carbon dioxide are carried away in the conorary veins

If these blood vessels develop fatty deposits, they are less efficent and may become blocked, this could lead to a heart attack.

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Artificial Vs Real Hearts

                                 Artifical Heart                                Real Donated Heart 

Advantages               -Doesnt needs to take any drugs     -Longer lasting

                                -No need to wait for a real heart

Disadvantages           - Can cause clotting problems       -Need immunosupressant drugs (stops

                               -Short lifespan for device                  body from rejecting heart 

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Arteries and Veins

Blood flows from the heart to the bodies organs through the artieries 

In the organs the arteries branch of into smaller blood vessels called capileries 

These then branch together again to form veins which carry  the blood back to the heart

Arteries- Carry blood Away from the heart 

VeINs- Carry blood INto the heart 

Arteries 

  • Blood is under high pressure generated from the heart 
  • Thick walls - to resist the high pressure from the blood
  • Thick layer of elastic fibres - allow the artery to stretch when a surge of blood goes through it then recoil in between heart beats to maintain blood pressure 
  • Thick layer of muscle in the wall - to allow blood to get to where it needs to be in the body 
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Arteries and Veins 2

Veins

  • Blood is underless pressure
  • Thin walls
  • One way valves - to prevent blood flowing back in opposite direction
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Capillaries

Smallest time of blood vessel. Adapted to allow the exchange of substances between the blood and tissues of the body

Capillaries intermingle with the tissues and exchange nutrients, gases, and wastes (http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/images/triple_science/009_bitesize_gcse_tsbiology_thebloodstream_capillaryexchanges_464.gif)

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