Test for negative ions

Carbonates

 - test for CO  using limewater

 - if it turns cloudy CO  is present

 - Copper carbonate turns green

 - Zinc carbonate turns yellow

Sulfates

 - add dilute HCL

 - add Barium Chloride

 - white precipitate of Barium sulfate means the compound was a sulfate

Halides

 - add dilute nitric acid

 - add silver nitrate

 - forms precipiate

 - Chloride forms a white precipitate

 - Bromine forms a cream precipiate

 - Iodide forms a yellow precipitate

Nitrates

 - add Al powder

 - add NaOH

 - if the original compound was a nitrate Ammonia is given off as a smelly gas