Terminology

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  • Created by: Emily
  • Created on: 02-06-14 10:20

Simple sentence

A sentence that contains only one clause.

  1. Some students like to study in the mornings.
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Simile

A comparison that includes the words ‘like’ or ‘as’.

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Semantics

The study of word meanings. 

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Repair

In conversation, a repair resolves a problem that has arisen – e.g. speakers may correct themselves if something has been said in error.

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Register

A form of language appropriate to a particular situation.

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Received Pronunciation

The accent associated with upper-class speakers of English.

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Subordinate clause

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Subordinate clause

A clause within a sentence that is less important than the main clause.

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Subordinate clause

A clause within a sentence that is less important than the main clause.

A musicologist is a man who can read music but can't hear it. (Sir Thomas Beecham, 1879-1961)

Personally I'm always ready to learn, although I do not always like being taught. (Sir Winston Churchill, 1874-1965)

 

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Unvoiced pause:

A silent pause in speech.

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Transitive verbs

Verbs which require an object.

I baked some cookies.

I moved the chair. 

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Topic shifter

An utterance that moves a conversation on to another topic.

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Topic marker

An utterance which establishes the topic of a conversation.

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Pragmatics

The study of the part that language plays in social situations and social relationships.
 

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Polysyllabic

Words with three or more syllables.

shouting • toothbrush • playground • watchstrap • bandstand • herself
• thirteen 
• strawberry • training 

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Phonology

The study of the patterns and systems of sounds in particular languages.

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Tag question

A question attached to the end of a statement.

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Taboo language

Words that are avoided because they are considered offensive, embarrassing, obscene or unpleasant.

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Synonym

A word similar in meaning to another word.

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Syndetic listing

Listing which involves the use of conjunctions.
'and' 

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Superlative

An adjective indicating the highest degree, usually ending –est.

'excellent' 'magnificent' 

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Suffix

A group of letters commonly found at the ends of words (e.g. –able, -ly)

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Sociolect

Social class dialect.

A variety of language (or dialect) used by a particular social group.
 

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Standard English

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Passive voice

When the subject of a verb is the element affected by the action (e.g. ‘The burglar was caught by the police’).

You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized 

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Parallelism

Occurs when phrases or sentences have a similar pattern or structure (also known as ‘parallel structure’)

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