- investigates the whole life of a product
- looks at ethics and proventance of the product
1. Extraction and processing - amount of energy used to extract raw material from the earth, or to produce it through farming or other methods and process it ready for manufacture
2. Manufacturing and production - energy required to maipulate the raw and refined materials into a product ready for sale
3. Distribution - packaging and transport of the product to the end user
4. In use - energy that the product or any related consumables used during its working life or useful lifetime
5. End of life - energy required to recycle the product and/ or dispose of any waste
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