Supreme Court US Key Cases
4.0 / 5 based on 3 ratings
- Created by: Molly Burd
- Created on: 07-05-13 20:09
Strength Cases
- Marbury vs. Madison
- 1803
- Established judicial review precedent – first time the SC examined a decision from the executive and declared it unconstitutional
1 of 14
Strength Cases
- McColluch vs. Maryland
- Maryland attempted to tax the federal government (the National Bank, specifically)
- Also a question of Congress passing “necessary and proper” laws – turns out if Congress passes a law, it is by definition necessary and proper
- Federal government wins – supremacy clause (feds beat states when there is a conflict)
2 of 14
Strength Cases
- Gibbons vs. Ogden
- Supremacy clause again – conflict between state and fed
- Interstate commerce clause – when there’s conflict between two states, feds get to say which wins (in this case, a river running between two states)
3 of 14
Limitation Cases
- Scott vs. Sanford
- 1856
- Scott was a slave who believed when he was taken to a free state he was therefore free
- Lost the case, as slaves were basically ruled to be property (doesn’t matter where you take them, they’re still slaves)
- (Could be argued to have been good for slavery, by being deeply objectionable to all abolitionists and maybe helping start the civil war)
4 of 14
Limitation Cases
- Plessy vs. Ferguson
- 14th Amendment – “equal protection and due process of the law”
- Separate is equal – Plessy lost, Jim Crow won
5 of 14
Limitation Cases
- Schenk vs. US
- Schenk was anti-war, got arrested for it
- SC allowed the arrest, comes up with doctrine: the clear and present danger doctrine – they’re not limiting the 1st Amendment, but because Schenk was telling people to not accept the draft and was creating a clear and present danger; freedom of speech still applies, but not everything is allowed under it
6 of 14
Limitation Cases
- Korematsu vs. United States
- Regards habeus corpus – no imprisonment without trial, right to be left alone when you haven’t done anything!
- Japanese Americans were being regarded as the enemy in WWII; they were interned – removed from their homes and put under lock and key, no torture or imprisonment but they weren’t allowed to leave
- Turns out in WWII you can do what you like – US won
7 of 14
Limitation Cases
- Korematsu vs. United States
- Regards habeus corpus – no imprisonment without trial, right to be left alone when you haven’t done anything!
- Japanese Americans were being regarded as the enemy in WWII; they were interned – removed from their homes and put under lock and key, no torture or imprisonment but they weren’t allowed to leave
- Turns out in WWII you can do what you like – US won
8 of 14
Expansive Cases
- Brown vs. Board of Education
- 14th Amendment job – this time, court says separate is not equal
- Basically outlaws segregation and begins getting rid of Jim Crow
- Fits well with Plessy vs. Ferguson
9 of 14
Expansive Cases
- Mapp vs. Ohio
- Police entered house with fake warrant, found *********** and arrested her
- Ruled police were not allowed to use the evidence
- Exclusionary rule – can’t use evidence you shouldn’t have been able to find, in essence
- 4th Amendment
10 of 14
Expansive Cases
- Mapp vs. Ohio
- Police entered house with fake warrant, found *********** and arrested her
- Ruled police were not allowed to use the evidence
- Exclusionary rule – can’t use evidence you shouldn’t have been able to find, in essence
- 4th Amendment
11 of 14
Expansive Cases
- Engel vs. Vitale
- School-sponsored prayer violates 1st Amendment – church and state
- Establishment clause – govt can’t pass laws that establish religion
- No matter how many religious people there may be, not allowed to have state-sponsored prayer
12 of 14
Expansive Cases
- Miranda vs. Arizona
- Right to remain silent; to an attorney
- 5th Amendment was expanded to police having to tell you that you have the right to remain silent
- Later expanded in Gideon vs. Wainwright (gives you a lawyer if you can’t afford one)
- Also expanded in Escebedo vs. Illinois (if you ask for a lawyer, you have to get one)
13 of 14
Expansive Cases
- Tinker vs. Desmoines
- Student wearing armband against Vietnam, principle told him to take it off or get out
- 1st Amendment – you are allowed to do such things in school
14 of 14
Related discussions on The Student Room
- Trump ineligible to run for president in Colorado and Maine in 2024 Election »
- Help with Edexcel AS level politics question »
- Edexcel A Level Politics Paper 3A (9PL0 3A) 16th June 2023 [Exam Chat] »
- Politics 25 mark extract question structure »
- Supreme Court US questions »
- A Level History NEA help »
- Economic duress moot help »
- OCR A level History »
- Should digital media spreading venomous hatred be regulated? »
- 2023 Edexcel A level Politics Paper 2 »
Similar Government & Politics resources:
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
0.0 / 5
5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
4.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings
0.0 / 5
Comments
No comments have yet been made