Latin for 'of the same kind' used to interpret loosely written statutes. Where laws lists specific classes of persons and things and then refers to them in general, the general statements only apply to the same kind of persons or things specifically tested.
Powell V Kemptom park race course 1899
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Expressio unius est exclusio alterious
means the expression of one thing implies the exclusion of another. e,g, in inhabitants of Sedgley (1837) rates were charged on 'land, titles and coal mines.' Therefore rates could not be charged on any mine other than coal mines.
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Noscitur a sociis
Legal maxim that the meaning of an unclear word or phrase is to be determined on the basis of its context the words or phrases surrounding it.
Bourne V Norwich Crematorium LTD 1967
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Intrinsic aids
These are found in the act itself.
Long/short title
Interpretation section
preamble ( giving you an overview of what is an act)
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Extrinsic aids
These are the things outside the act which judges can refer to:
Dictionaries
other acts or international treaties
past cases
The Interpretation act 1978
office reports ( law commision/ Royal commission )
Hansard ( since 1993 only )= word for word report published daily of everything that goes on in parliament
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