A guitar produces sound when it's strings vibrate as a result of being plucked. When a stretched string or wire vibrates, its pattern of vibration is a mix of its first and higher harmonics. The sound produced is the same mix of frequencies which change with time as the pattern of vibration changes. A spectrum analyser can be used to show how the intensity of sound varies with frequency and with time. Combined with a sound synthesiser, the original sound can be altered by amplifying or suppressing different frequency ranges.
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