Basic Notes on: States of Matter

• The Kinetic Particle Theory explains the properties of the different states of matter. The particles in solids, liquids and gases have different amounts of energy. They are arranged differently and move in different ways.

Gas:

Arrangement of particles in a gas:                      Movement of particles in a gas:

• Spread out.                                                         -The particles move quickly in a          
•  High energy                                                         straight line, colliding with each other.     
• More room to move
• Randomly arranged

Liquid

Arrangement of particles in a liquid:                         Movement of particles in a liquid:

• Particles are randomly arranged.                                -Particles move around each other.
• Touching with some gaps.

Solid:

Arrangement of particles in a solid:                              Movement of particles in a solid:

• Very close together.                                                   - They vibrate on the spot.
• Regular pattern.

Heating and Cooling

Evaporation: Liquid ---> Gas                                                   Condensation:  Gas ---> Liquid

•  The particles stay randomly arranged.                    -The particles stay randomly arranged.
• They get further apart.                                             -They get closer together                       
• Now particles can now move                                    -They become only able to move around  fast in all directions.                                                   each other. 

Melting: Solid ---> Liquid                                                      Freezing:  Liquid ---> Solid

• Particles become randomly arranged.                            -Particles become regularly arranged.
• Move further apart.                                                         - Movement becomes restricted.