State Policy and Education

State Policy and Education

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1944 Education Act

Time=2nd World War=main problem=education=huge divide between=types=secondary education available=rich+poor.

1944 Act tried=create=education=all secondary schools=made free+school leaving age=raised=15

Took=11+exam=END=primary school+went=1=3 types=schools: Grammar schools=able kids=passed=11+.Pupils=taught traditional subjects=university.20%=kids got into=grammar school.

Secondary modern schools=75-80%=pupils=failed=11+.Secondary modern=basic education. Technical schools=vocational education =5%=school population

Tripartite system aimed=improve=education=all children.

11+didn't necessarily measure=intelligence=culturally biased+suited=middle class more than=working class

Three types=school=system=meant="parity of esteem"=problem=grammar schools=seen=best.

Kids=failed=11+=labelled=failures=sometimes turned them off education

Well off middle class pupils=failed=parents=still afford=send them=private schools

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1965 Comprehensive schools

Labour Government insisted=local educational authorities recognised most schools=everyone=equality=opportunity

Positive aspects=comprehensive system:no 11+=80%=school population don't get labelled=failures.High ability pupils generally still do well=system.lower ability pupils do better=comprehensive schools than=secondary moderns.

Criticisms=comprehensive system: comprehensive schools still stream pupils=sets depending=test scores.Schools=working class areas=lower pass rates than=middle class areas

Comprehensive system hasn't achieved equality=opportunity.Schools tend=be single-class depending=local area.

where people=afford=live=important=educational attainment

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1976 Vocational Education

Labour prime minister James Callaghan thought British education+industry=decline=schools didn't teach people=skills=needed=work.

All governments since then have had policies=create=closer link between school+work=vocalisation

Youth training systems started=1983,1993=GNVQ's+NVQ's=introduced,introduction=New Deal=1997=people=benefits must attend courses=don't accept work.

Key skills qualifications=started=supposed=useful=all jobs,Curriculum 2000=reform=post 16 education,included=introduction=vocational a-level

some problems=vocational education: some sociologists argue=

vocational education aims=teach good work discipline,

some Marxists sociologists=vocational training provides cheap labour+government encourage people =training schemes=lower unemployment statistics.

lots=young people=part time jobs=already have work skills+vocational qualificationa aren't regarded=highly=academic qualifications=universities+employers.

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