Short and Long Term Memory

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  • Created by: Ambrosia
  • Created on: 02-01-13 16:42

Short Term Memory

Duration

Peterson and Peterson

Consonant Syllable said to participant

participant given a distractor task then asked to recall the consonant syllable

They're study showed that the duration of the STM was about 20 seconds at most

HOWEVER

Marsh et al- when participants don't expect to be tested they can forget in just 2 seconds

other studies have shown that the duration of the stm can be much longer and a study showed that items could be recalled after 96 seconds and that it seemed that information remains in stm for quite a while unless other material replaces or overwrites it.

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Short Term Memory

Capacity

Millers Magic Number 7

7 +/- 2 items

HOWEVER

Cowan- reviewed a variety of studies and concluded that the capacity of the STM is limited to about four chunks

Encoding

Baddeley gave participants lists of words, some acoustically similar and some dissimilar.

Participants had difficulty remembering acoustically similar words in short term memory

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Long Term Memory and Evaluation

Encoding

Baddeley 1966

gave participants words that word semantically similar and dissimilar words. Semantically dissimilar words were more easily stored in the Long term memory.

Evaluation 

STM does not always use acoustic coding, visual codes can also be used when doing a visual task.

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