Shapes of Molecules and Bond Angles

Notes on the shapes of molecules and the bond angles. With examples

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  • Created on: 11-11-12 22:13

Shapes of Molecules and Bond Angles 1

Linear -

bond pairs, 0 lone pairs, 180° (e.g.- BeCl2)

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Shapes of Molecules and Bond Angles 2

Trigonal Planar-

3 bond pairs, 0 lone pairs, 120° (e.g.-BF3)

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Shapes of Molecules and Bond Angles 3

Tetrahedral-

4 bond pairs, 0 lone pairs, 109.5° (e.g.- CH4)

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Shapes of Molecules and Bond Angles 4

Trigonal Bipyramidal-

5 bond pairs, 0 lone pairs, 120° and 90° (e.g.- PF5)

(http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTETHv1eAxYZ1Bn8ejoC1Q5QZ8hILdzNkTQ8rQqjRnAoE56avLPig)

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Shapes of Molecules and Bond Angles 5

Octahedral-

6 bond pairs, 0 lone pairs, 90° (e.g.- SF6)

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Shapes of Molecules and Bond Angles 6

Pyramidal-

3 bond pairs, 1 lone pair, 107° (e.g.- NH3)

(http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSgrRjuL_rKVCKwVC5eMmhH7Iq0DtZM-OR_Yby0u-drJl4Q3JKuXw)

the lone pair of electrons reduces the bond angle by 2.5° and 'squash' the hydrogen atoms down slightly

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Shapes of Molecules and Bond Angles 7

Angular-

2 bond pairs, 2 lone pairs, 104.5° (e.g.- H2O)

as we've said, a lone pair of electrons reduce the bond angle by 2.5°. As there are 2 pairs here, the bond angle is reduced by 5°

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Comments

Tilly - Team GR

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Brilliant revision cards! These are going in my favourites.

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