Pragmatics relates to the intended rather than the literal.
- Figurative language - language not meant to be taken literally.
- Metaphor - A word or phrase used figuratively to mean something it resembles.
Standard Pragmatic Model
Grice (1975) proposed the involvement of three stages:
- 1) The literal meaning is accessed.
- 2) The reader or listener decides whether the literal meaning makes sense in the context in which it is read or heard.
- 3) If it doesn't, then the reader/listener searches for a non-literal meaning of the sentence that does make sense in context.
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