Science resit- Classification

notes on classification

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Groups of classification

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

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Natural Classification systems

Natural Classification systems are based on the evolutionary relationships and gentic similarities between organisms

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Artifical Classification systems

Artifical Classification systems are based on appearance rather than genes. They're used to identify organisms.

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Kingdoms

Living things are divided into kingdoms

the kingdoms are then subdivided into smaller and smaller groups- phylum, class, order, fmaily, genus. species.

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Genus

A genus is a group of closely-related species.

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Genus

A genus is a group of closely-related species.

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Genus

A genus is a group of closely-related species.

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Species

A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

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Difficulties in Classification

It can be difficult to classify organisms into these distinct groups because many organisms share characteristics of mutiple groups.

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Newly discovered species

It is hard to place new species in a group, and they may have features of two different groups, such as a fossil.

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DNA sequencing

DNA sequencing allows us to see genetic differences between different groups.

This allows us to see whether two groups are closely related or not- which helps us identify what group the organism belongs to.

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Evolutionary trees

Evolutionary trees show how closely related different species are to each other (bit like a family tree.)

They show common ancestors and relationships between species. The more recent the common ancestor the more closely related the two species- and the more characteristics they're likely to share

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Evolutionary trees

Evolutionary trees show how closely related different species are to each other (bit like a family tree.)

They show common ancestors and relationships between species. The more recent the common ancestor the more closely related the two species- and the more characteristics they're likely to share

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