River Valley and its Landforms: River Tees 0.0 / 5 ? GeographyWater and riversGCSEOCR Created by: ep01Created on: 20-02-17 15:48 SOURCE River Tees is 100km from source to mouth. Source has 600m altitude in the Pennines. Spongey, boggy, marshy mooreland - remote, no houses. 1200mm of rainfall a year - twice the UK average. A lot of water is gathered from depressions from the Atlantic. Hundreds of trickling streams and rivulets. The water table is at the surface - the ground is saturated throughout the year. 1 of 4 UPPER COURSE The river starts to form in v-shaped valleys. Narrow stream, fast flowing, interlocking spurs, vertical erosion. The bedload is very jagged with big boulders that have been eroded from the valley side. After a few miles, the river starts to lose its v-shaped cross section. Centralfugal force causes erosion on the outside sides. Attrition smoothes bedload. Snow melt causes a high in water levels around March and April. Sparsely populated. Cow Green Reservoir - artificial lake to store water. 350m above sea level. Large meanders, wider and deeper river. Pastures are the main land use. Flow rate of 20 cumecs. High Force Waterfall across whinstone rock. 95% of the river's energy is used getting over obstructions. 2 of 4 MIDDLE & LOWER COURSE At the middle course, the river is at its most powerful. Bedload is smaller and more rounded, valley sides have disappeared. Very wide floodplain. Meanders are more sinuous and form oxbow lakes. Around Stockton, there is an artificial, straight canal. The lower course is very industrial - nuclear power station etc. The valley is a broad u shape with gentle sides. Natural levées are formed where the river runs slowly and deposits sediment. Bedload consists of fine silt and mud. The mouth is the North Sea. 3 of 4 HIGH FORCE WATERFALL Located in the upper course of the Tees, High Force is England's biggest waterfall, dropping at 21m. The continuous process of erosion causes the fall to recede upstream, leaving an ever growing gorge (currently about 700m). Below the hard, whinstone lip, soft rock is eroded. 4 of 4
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