Rio de janireo

Rio de janeiro is situated on grazil's Atlantic coast at 23° south and 43° west of the equator. It has has grown up around a large natural bay called Guanabara bay. Until 1960 Rio was the capital of Brizil - it is now Brazilia.

• Rio is Brazil's second largest city and in the last 50 years the population increased from  being 3.2 million in 1960 to 6.5 million in 2014
• It has 5 ports and 3 airports
• Main service industries are in banking, insurance and toiurism 

People migrate to Rio due to:

• Better paid jobs 
• wages being high so poeple can buy more
• Higher standard of living 
• range of oppurtunities 
• excess to better medication 

One of the social opportunities that Rio has to offer is:

• Acess to clean water supply is very important so the authorities in Rio have focused on improving the quality and quantity of water for everyone, including those in slum settelments

One of the economic opportunites that Rio has to offer is:

• the job opportunites in the secondary sector include factories that manufacture products. The secondary sector benifitted the economy becasue investment has been made to  improve school's, healthcare and housing as well as there being lots of money for economic development

• An economic challange faced by Rio is Unemployment. In 2015, Brazil was hit by a recession increasing the rate of unemployment in Rio. People protested about high taxes, poor education and healthcare. Unemployment is the reason why there are such wide contrasts in wealth. 
• An social challange faced by Rio is education. Education is compulsory for childran aged 6-17, many drop out of school, some get involved in gangs. Level of school enrolment is low due to the lack of money , shortage of teachers and teachers being trained poorley.

An enviromental challange comonely faced in Rio is waste pollution. The worst waste problems are in the favalas. Many are built on steep slopes and have few proper roads, making access difficult for waste collection lorries. Most waste is therefore dumped and pollutes the water system. This causes disease like cholera and encourages death rates among humans and animals who drink water form the sewage system.

• Houses are poorly constructed as they were built illegelly with basic materials such as iron, broken bricks and plastic sheets. Many favalas are built on steep slopes and heavey rain form steep slopes can caue land slides. 
  
• In the non-improved favalas 12% of homes dont have running water, over 30% have no eletricity and around 50% have no sewage connections. Sewers are often open drains.
• High murder rate of 20 per 1000 people in many favals, drug gangs dominate many favalas and many inhabitants distrust thepolice due to viollence and corruption.

• Building of new health , leasures and educsation facilities 
• Hillside secured to prevent landslides ot people relocated where necessary
• Access to water supply and drainage system for improved sanitation 
• 100% morgages available to people to buy homes.