Representation is the product of meaning through language and is governed by codes.
Stereyotyping reduces people to a few traits.
The powerful stereyotype the subordinate groups as `different`.
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Gauntlett: Identity
The media provides us with `tools` that we use to construct our identities.
Pick and mix theory: The media today offer us a more diverse range of stars, icons and characters from whom we may `pick and mix` different ideas and personalities.
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Van Zoonen: Feminist Theory
Gender is constructed through discourse and it depends on context.
Objectification of women is a core element of western patriarchy.
Visual and narrative codes for male body spectacle differ from female body.
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Gilroy: Post-Colonialism
Colonial discourses continue to inform contemprorary attitudes to race and ethnicity.
Civilisation-ism constructs racial hierarchies and sets up binary oppositions based on notions of otherness.
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Butler: Gender Preformativity
Identity is preformatively constructed by the very `expressions` that are said to be its results.
No gender identity behind the expressions of gender.
Preformativity is not a singular act, but a repetition and a ritual.
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bell hooks: Feminist Theory
Feminism is a struggle to end sexist oppression.
Feminism is a political comittment rather than a lifestyle choice.
Race, class and sex decide the extent to which people are exploited.
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Alvarado: Racial Stereotypes Theory
4 types of representation of the black community within western media:
The Exotic
The Dangerous
The Pitied
The Humurous
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Mulvey: The Male Gaze
Audience have to view characters from the heterosexual male prespective.
The camera lingers on the curves of the female body.
Relegates staus of women as objects. Female must experience the narrative by identification with the male.
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