Renaissance individuals

WHEN? 16th century

WHO? Professor of Anatomy

BEFORE- Galen's work- believed for over 1000 years- believed all was completely accurate- nothing new to be learned.

WHAT HE DID- Dissection of humans- proved Galen wrong- jaw bone (G-2 bones, V-1)- Galen said blood moved from one side of heart to other- wrong

FACTORS IN SUCCESS

• TECHNOLOGY- Printing press- Vesalius's book- spread quickly
• ART- Development in art- more accurate pictures of human body
• GOVERNMENT- Allowed to dissect human bodies

OBSTACLES FACED

• Challenging Galen- many were reluctant to go against G- longstanding ideas
• Unable to explain one of his discoveries about heart- technology not good enough yet
• Catholic Church didn't approve of dissection & they had supported Galen

SHORT TERM IMPACT

• Vesalius showed Galen's work could be challenged
• Encourged doctors- dissect humans & find out more

LONG TERM IMPACT

• Vesalius's challenge- marked begining of end of belief in Galen
• Encourage scientific approach rather than belief in four humours

WHEN? 16th Century

WHO? French Surgeon

BEFORE- Battlefield injuries could be fatal- gunshot wounds treated with boiling hot oil & cauterising wounds

WHAT HE DID- Army surgeon- ran out of oil- treated gun shot wound with cool salve- more successful & invented the ligature

FACTORS IN SUCCESS

• CHANCE- Lucky he ran out of oil
• WAR- Warfare allowed oppertunity to practice on the battlefield
• TECHNOLOGY- Pare's books- works on surgery- spread quickly- printing press

OBSTACLES FACED

• Ligatures didn't completely solve problem- infection
• Idea of ligature seemed risky opposed to hot iron

SHORT TERM IMPACT

• Pare's new treatment- saved many lived & decreased suffering on battlefield

LONG TERM IMPACT

• Pare's ideas came from Roman times- success encouraged others to find new treatments

WHEN? 17th Century

WHO? Successful London Doctor

BEFORE- Most doctors believed Galen's idea- blood was made in liver- replace blood burned up in body- challenged before- but no one could prove it

WHAT HE DID- Showed blood circulated round body- carried  by heart by arteries & returns to heart to veins & proved heart acted as a pump

FACTORS IN SUCCESS

• SCIENCE- Through experimentation- Harvey proved his work
• TECHNOLOGY- Published book of his doscoveries- printing press- ideas spread
• GOVERNMENT- Dissection was allowed- could prove work

OBSTACLES FACED

• People didn't like challenging Galen's ideas- longstanding
• Couldn't prove how blood was carried- microscopes weren't good enough to see capillaries

SHORT TERM IMPACTS

• Showed Galen's work could be challenged
• Enouraged doctors to find out more about the body

LONG TERM IMPACTS

• Challenges Harvey & Vesalius were making marked the begining of the end of belief in Galen