He opposed the dissolution of the Rump Parliament by Lambert and the Council of the Army and defeated Lambert after returning from Scotland
Moncke's victory led to the recalling of the Rump Parliament
He also readmitted the MP's excluded in Pride's Purge making royal restoration more likely.
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Political weaknesses of the Protectorate
It failed to create a civilian based settlement which was acceptable to all
There was still divisions in society - between religious groups, between army groups and the between the civilian population and the military
The Protectorate propped up by the army had proved that it could "destroy but not create"
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Lack of support
Oliver Cromwell alienated the republicans, by becoming "King in all but name"
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The death of Oliver Cromwell
Richard Cromwell lacked the natural loyalty of the army which his father had used to his advantage
Wihout this, Richard was open to army opposition, as come in 1659 when the army demanded that Richard dissolve parliament and resign, which he eventually did
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Appeal of the monarchy
After years of a republic state, propped by the army, for examples Prides Purge, Rule of Major Generals and taxes imposed by them along with various dissolutions of parliament, people were ready for stability
Many of the traditional ruling elite were also in favour of a return to traditional ruling elite were also in favour of a return to traditional rule after their world had been turned up side down by the English Revolution and the strict of the Protectorate in ts quest for Godly reformation
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Religion
Cromwell's protectorate had been based on religious toleration
He had been dubbed "the darling of sectaries", a derogatory term used to highlight his favourism of religious sects.
Many people especially the Presbyterians began to see the reurn of a strong monarchy as the only way to avoid domination of religious sects such as Baptists and Fifth Monarchists
Charles 2nd would not be so tolerant and would bring a central government controlling religion
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The Army
The army was months in arrears of pay, despite high taxation during the Rule of the Major Generals
The army could pull the strings, especially now the strong leader Oliver Cromwell was dead.
Many in the army, wanted a continuation of the protectorate because they thought they could control the weaker Richard Cromwell
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The Role Played by Charles the Second
He didnt attempt invasion or return until he was invited by Parliament
He moved himself on the continent to a protestant country, therefore distancing himself from Catholicsm
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Money
The Protectorate's success had been limited by its lack of money, a theme running through the Stuart Era.
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