psychodynamic apporach [16 marks]

A01

1) unconscious determines behaviour

2) innate dives energise the mind to motivate behaviours we develop

• the mind consists of three parts
• concious mind - thoughts we are aware of
• preconscious - thoughts we aren't fully aware of, need to think about them
• unconscious -  thoughts we aren't aware of and they shape out personality as drives and insticts develop in childhood

3) personality is made up of ID, ego and superego

• ID - pleasure principle to satisy selfish urges. eg. i want to eat cake only
• ego - reality princip[le which acts rationally to reduce conflict between ID and super ego. eg. you can have a small cake after lunch
• superego - morality principle to keep normal norms. eg. you shouldn't eat cake, have lunch

• defense mechanisms occur to protect the ego
• repression - forcing an idea into unconscious
• denial - refusing to acknowledge thoughts
• displacment - putting unwanted feelings onto something else

4) childhood personalities determine adult personalities

• everyone goes though psychosexual stages
• if you become fixated at a stage you restrict full development and develop specific peronality symptoms
• eg. fixation ad the oral stage develops smoking habbits