ALLOTROPES

• Carbon atoms can form four covalent bonds. This lets it form many different organic substances, and exist as diamond, graphite and fullerenes.

F U L L E R E N E S 

N A N O T U B E S 

• A nanotube resembles a layer of graphene, rolled into a tube shape.
• Nanotubes have high tensile strength, so they are strong in tension and resist being stretched and have a huge surface area.
  
• Nanotubes. are strong and they conduct electricity because they have delocalised electrons.

B U C K Y B A L L S 

• Buckyballs are spheres or squashed spheres of carbon atoms and they are made of large molecules but do not have a giant covalent structure.
• They have a weak intermolecular force that exists between individual buckyballs. which makes them have little forces to overcome forces
• They are slippery and have low melting points than graphite or diamond.  
• They are used to trap and deliver drugs in the body, made for tennis rackets and acts as a catalyst. 

D I A M O N D S

• Are insoluble in water as they do not conduct electricity as there are no delocalised electrons in it's. structure
  
• They have a high melting point and are very hard. 
• They are colourless and transparent
• They have no free electrons but they. have 4 strong covalent. bonds.
• They are used for cutting tools, making jewellery, drill bits, glass cutters and dental drills
• They have a lustrous appearance to make them look highly valued gemstones for jewellery.
  

G R A P H I T E

• Graphite has 3 carbon atoms and has strong covalent bonds and free electron layer that slide over.
• Graphite is useful for leads and electrodes.
• Graphite has a black, opaque(unclear), lustrous look.
• Graphite is soft and slippery. They are insoluble but it has a high boiling point and is made of hexagonal rings.
  
• Graphite conducts to electricity and is used in lubricants that work at a heating temperature