Prokaryotic Cells

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Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic Cells:

  • No Nucleus-DNA is in a circular loop (stored in the plasmid)
  • Divide by Binary Fision
  • Example: E.coli
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Functions of the parts of prokaryotic cells

Prokaryotic part functions:

Cell wall- forms a protective outer layer- prevents outside damage- Stops cells bursting when internal pressure is high

Plasma Membrane-controls entry and exits of substances-uses active transport

Cytoplasm- contains enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions of metabolism- contains a region of DNA in the nucleoid

Pili- hair-like structures protecting the cell wall- when connected to other bacteria cells can be used to pull cells togher

Flagella-solid protein structures-protects cell wall- rotate to cause locomotion

Ribosomes-synthesize proteins through RNA- present in cell or secreted

Nucleoid- present in the cytoplasm- contains genetic information

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Comparison to Eukaryotic cells

Prokaryotic                                                     Eukaryotic

-naked loop of DNA                                       -chromosomes consisting of strands of DNA

-DNA located in the nucleoid                      - inside the nucleus inside nuclear envelop

-no Mitochondria                                            - Mitochondria always present

- Ribosomes 70s                                           - Ribosomes 80s

-none/few internal membranes                   - Many internal membranes (Golgi apparatus)

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