For Supplementation:
Folic Acid Supplements recommended in early pregnancy to reduce risks of NTDs and low birth weight. advice recommends a 0.4mg daily supplement of folic acid in addition to usual dietary intake.For women who have already had a NTD-affected pregnancy, should take 5mg folic acid per day.
Iron supplementation in pregnancy for those with inadequate stores. more iron is required during pregnancy to supply the grow foetus, placenta and increased number of maternal red blood cells. extra demands are usually met because mentrual losses cease and intestinal absorption increases. However iron is needed if stores are low at start of pregnancy and during the last trimester when a large transfer of iron from mother to foetus occurs.
Vit D supplementation for vegans or receive little exposure to sunlight, but excess can cause hypervitaminosis which causes kidney damage. mother provides a store of Vit D to her foetus during pregnancy and it's recommended all women receive supplementary Vit D to achieve 10mg per day.
Vit B12 for vegans and Vit C ensures absorption of iron so iron deficiency anaemia prevented. Supplements useful for poor appetites, ill health and inadequate vitamin intake eg teenage girls.
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