Bower (1982): Showed that infants who were only a few months old were surprised when an object was removed from behind a screen, demonstrating object permanence.
Piaget & Inhelder (1956): Findings from 3 mountains task - thinking in pre-operational children is limited by egocentrism. Ability to understand another's perspective does not develop until around 8-9 years. However, Mossler et al (1976) showed perspective taking abilities in 4 year olds. Also, Borke (1971) showed that 3 year olds were able to gauge a story protagonist's emotional reactions to events.
Donaldson (1978): Highlighted artificiality of the experimental situation that Piaget typically used.
Shayer & Wylam (1978): Shown that by 16 years, around 30% of British children achieve formal operations.
Danner & Day (1977): Formal operational thought could be trained. They trained 10, 13 and 17 year olds on 3 formal operational tasks. Training had a marked effect at 17 years.
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