PHYSICS – Electricity: Formulas

I=Q/t

I=V/R

I=P/V

V=W/Q

V=IR

V=P/I

(W=energy)

R=V/I

R= ρXL/A

ρ=resistivity    L=length in m    A=cross-sectional area in m²

Resistors in series: R= R1+R2+R3...

Resistors in parallel: 1/R= 1/R1+1/R2+1/R3...

ρ=RXA/L

P=VI

P=V²/R

P=I²R

E=VIt  

E=(V²/R)t

E=I²Rt

Basically: powerXtime=total energy

energy per coulomb supplied by source=

energy per coulomb used in load resistance+energy per coulomb wasted in internal resistance

the energy wasted per coulomb overcoming the internal resistance is called the lost volts (v)

Irms=1/√2 XV0

Vrms=1/√2 X I0

ie.  rms= peak/√2

V0=voltage peak value       I0=current peak value

ε =E/Q ε =V+v ε =I(R+r)=IR+Ir V=ε-v V=ε-Ir v=lost volts V=terminal p.d E=electrical energy r=i.r R=load resistance

P= Irms2R

P=Vrms2/R

P=VrmsX Irms

R=Vrms / Irms = V0 / I0