Ultraviolet radiation from the sun excites the electrons in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.
The electron is excited and jumps an energy level so it is emitted and joins the electron transport chain
As the electron passes along the electron carriers a series of oxidation reactions occur.
This releases energy which is used in the photophosphorylation of ADP into ATP
Within the thylakoid space an enzyme catalyses the photolysis of water to give 1/2O2, 2H+, and 2e- when PSII loses electrons.
The electrons replace those lost in the chlorophyll molecule in order to allow the flow of electrons to continue and restore it so it’s no longer positively charged.
The hydrogen ion concentration within the thylakoid space is raised as a result of photolysis.
The electrons that have passed along the electron transport chain combine with the co-enzyme NADP and hydrogen ions from the water to reduce NADP into NADPH/reduced NADP.
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Light Independent Reaction
Carbon diozide combines with 5-carbon molecule called RuBP catalyzed by RuBISCO to form 6-carbon molecule.
It is unstable and immediately breaks down into 2 3-carbon molecules called GP
GP is reduced via the hydorgen from reduced NADP to form GALP. ATP from light dependent reaction provides energy for reaction.
2 out of 12 GALP formed are involved in the creation of Glucose (hexose sugar) which can be converted into starch, cellulose, amino acids, lipids etc
10 out of the 12 GALPs are used in the recreation of RuBP as they re-arrange to from 6 5-carbon compounds then phosporylation using ATP reforms RUBP
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