Philosohy

• Media
• Beliefs
• Other peoples decisions
• Peer pressure
• Background
• Law
• Experiences
• Family
• Friends
• Role models
• Desicions
• Society
• Conscience
• History
• Enviroment
• Religon

Reasons for crime- Psycological

• Mental Illness
• Trauma
• Bad Experiences
• Deppression
• Confusion
• Jelousy
• Anger
• Upset
• Threat
• Greed
• Attention Seeking
• Fear

Reasons for crime- Envirometal

• Housing
• Living Area
• School
• Nothing to do
• Alcohol
• Drugs
• Lack of open space

Reasons for crime- Social

• Peer pressure
• Friendship group
• Bullying
• Media
• Up-bringing
• Blackmail
• Class
• Wealth
• Poor Education

Types of crime

• Crime against the person
• Crime against the state
• Crime against property
• Religous offences

Types of punishments

• Life Imprisonment or14/5/7/2 years imprisonmet (six months imprisonment)suspended
• Prison sentance
• Community service
• Curfew order and electronic tagging and restraining order
• ASBO
• Fine
• Driving disqualification
• Attendance centre order
• Probation
• Police caution

VINDICATION

• Being punished to show that the law is right and respected and that the law has a reason
• EG. obeying car part rules.

DETERRENCE

• To punish to put people off
• EG. the death penalty

PROTECTION

• Ensuring that the public are safe from criminals
• EG.murderers, rapists, paedifiles, drug dealers, terrorists

RETRIBUTION

• Punishments to get your own back 'revenge'
• EG. murder = execution

REFORMATION

• To punish to change behaviour for the better
• EG. community service

REPARATION

• Meaning a criminal is helping the community/society after their offence
• EG. paying back any damage and community service

Christian veiws on crime and punishment

• Christians believe punishment should use reformation
• They also believe that you should not seek revenge as all people have sinned.
• Society must be protected from sin
• They don't believe in retribution as only God can judge
• Sin is doing wrong and it comes from the garden of Eden
• People should be punished "reap what you sow"

• Love your neighbour as you love yourself
• 10 commndments
• Forgiveness
• God gives time and god takes it away
• God is loving and compassionate
• Sanctity of life
• God has a plan

Buddhist veiws on crime and punishment

• Buddhists want to reform their prisoners to achieve more Karma
• Buddhism imprisons to protect their community
• They believe in detterence to help understand karma
• They are against retribution as it goes against metta
• Reformation helps you change and show compassion

• The 5 precepts- do not harm any living thing - do not take what isnt given - do not engage in sexual activity that harms others - do not speak falsly - do not put anything into your body that will cloud your mind.
• Karma - the thought that every action has a consequence (good or bad)
• Metta - loving kindness
• Ahimsa - not using violence - violence is wrong whatever the reason for it
• Sanctity of life
• Karuna - being compassionate

Capital Punishment is the death penalty or execution

It is when the person is put to death by Judical Process (The Law) as a punishment for a crime

ELECTROCUTION-causes fatal damage to the body's internal organs- it can take a few times         Example countries: USA

HANGING-strangling using your own body weight to kill you                                                                    Example countries: Egypt, Iran, Japan, Jordon, Pakistan

LETHAL INJECTION- injects lethal drugs into you so you come to an imediate death                         Example countries: China, Somelia, Taiwan, USA

STONING- slow and painful used for crimes not just murder                                                                    Example Countries: Iran, Afganistan, Saudi Arabia, Somelia

Young Offenders

A young offender is someone who is under 18 and breaks the law in the uk.

Minor offences: warnings, ASBO's, child safety orders

Major offences: youth court, fines, curfews, reparation order.

Statistics:

• 95% are boys
• 71% reoffend within a year of leaving custody
• 89% between the ages of 15 and 17
• The UK has the highest rates of young people in custody in Europe.

Secure Training Centre

• 2 adults;5 kids
• provides health, education and treatment programmes
• provents re-offending, hold vunrable people and regular observation
• there are only 4 in the country

Secure childrens home

• run by social services
• attend to physical, emotional and behavioural needs
• family set up and they are secure and provides help for issues
• there are up to 40 people in each home therefore they can be noisy and you can be placed away from home

Young offenders institute

• staffed by prison officers
• cheap and holds vunrable kids and deals with young peoples needs
• doesnt have a high care level

For Capital punishment

• An 'eye-for-an-eye' murderers should pay with their life
• Deterrence
• Life sentances dont always mean life
• Some people can not be reformed
• A waste of resources housing criminals for their entire lives
  
• The death penalty has been used for years in many countries
• It demonstrates that society will not tolerate crimes
• The death penalty is the only way to protect society

Against Capital punishment

• Retribution is uncivillised
  
• Most murders are done in the spur of the moment
• It is a contradiction to punish murder with execution
• Legal systems can fail and innocent people can be killed
• All life is sacred and murderers should be given a chance to reform
• Its inhuman and degrading to put anyone through physical and mental torture

CRIME - An offence that is punishable by law.

PUNISHMENT - Something done to somebody because they have broken the law.

CONSCIENCE - The inner-feeling that you are doing right or wrong.

DUTY - A moral or legal obligation, things that must be done.

RESPONSIBILITY - A duty to care for or having control over something and showing understanding that we are in control of our actions.

COMMUNITY SERVICE - Beneficial to society.Putting something back in to society as it deprives people of their free time.

ELECTONIC TAGGING - To keep track of criminals. House arrest and curfews. can be rearrested. alarms

RESTORATIVE JUSTICE -Meet and talk to the victim. Makes the criminal feel guilty and see the damage making them less likely to reoffend.

FINES - Made to pay a physical price. Made poorer so less likely to reoffend

YOUTH SUPPORT - Rehab groups, Reparation orders, Community based.

LIFE IMPRISONMENT - The most severe punishment in the UK. Not whole life, average sentance of 15 years before the criminal is eligible for parole.

PAROLE - When prisoner is realesed without completeing full sentance. Usually as they have behaved well and accepted guilt. The criminal will then be monitored to be sure they dont re-offend.

EARLY RELEASE - When prisoner has fulfilled the criteria for getting parole. Sometimes for political reasons such as to stop overcrowding so low risk prisioners are released.