Pharmacology is concerned with the study of how a substance interacts with an organism to produce a change.
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pharmacokinetics
Concerned with the study of the effects of the body on the drug including absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.
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Duty
Each professional must ensure they fullfil their duties according to the approved standard of practice expected.
Accountable to
Criminal courts
Civil courts
NMC
Employer
University
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controlled drugs
Controls the supply, sale and administration of strong drugs eg opiates
Hallucanagens
Amphetamines
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antibiotics
A substance produced by or derived from a micro organism, that destroys or inhibits the growth of other microorganisms. Used to treat infection that are caused by organisms that are sensitive to them eg urinary tract infection.
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other types of drug
antiemetic - anti nausea
antipyretic - lowers temperature
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6 r's
Right patient
Right drug and expiry date
Right dose
Right time
Right route
Right prescription
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ACTS
Medicines act 1968
Misuse of drugs act 1971
Both control the supply storage and administration of drugs.
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Pharmacodinamics
Concerned with the study of the effects of the drugs on the body including effective doses and responses.
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Side effects
A side effect is the unwanted effects of a drug which is known about and cannot be seperated from the main action of the drug eg nausea vomiting etc.
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Contra indications
In some situations the drug should not be given if the client is taking another drug as they may have contra indications. A reaction between two drugs which causes unwanted side effects eg Ibuprofen and gastro bleeding.
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Adverse drug reaction
An unusual unwanted or unexpected reaction to the drug eg anaphlacsis. Reported by the yellow card system (found in the BNF)
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Generic and proprietary names
Proprietary name of drug is manufacturers trademark and must start with a capital letter eg Felendil
Generic name of drug is the actual name of the drug must be written in lowercase eg paracetemol.
DOH 1999 recomended drugs be prescribed by their generic name.
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polypharmacy
DOH 2001 describe polypharmacy as being prescribed four or more drugs. this is therefore associated with more adverse drug reactions eg most likely in the elderly.
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A prescription must be
Signed
Accurate
Appropriate
Legible
In date
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Medicine act categories
Pharmacy only
General sales list (can be sold anywhere)
Prescription only (pom) - Available only on practitioners prescription.
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