People of the UK

Economic Growth:

• Industrial revolution - Salford Quays was a centre for processing cotton from USA 
• Thriving manufacturing and engineering sectors
• Production of machines for factories
• 1894 - Manchester Ship Canal opened - large ships could now enter the heart of the city
• 1890s - 90 hectare Salford Quays were constructed due to thriving trade
• Thousands of people employed in the docks
• 1985 - Salford Quays development- new homes, business, cleansed waterways, parks etc
• 2000 - Lowry Building - £64million to build - theatre, galleries, bars and cafes.
• 2007 - MediaCityUK - BBCmoved 5 departments to a new development on Pier 9 - created 10,000 jobs and added £1billion to local economy

Economic Decline:

• 1960s - 1970s - large container ships unable to use Manchester Canal
• 3,000 people lost their jobs
• 1982 - docks closed
• High rates of unemployment and crime

Causes:

• Childcare is expensive
• UK has very good healthcare with well equipped hospitals
• Women stay in education longer and focus on careers so have children later
• Many people choose to marry at a later age (28-30) so they have children later or not at all

Benefits:

• Businesses make more profits as elderly people spend more money on holiday, leisure 
• More childcare support from grandparents for people with families
• A rising number of people in nursing homes - more jobs

Problems:

• Rise in retirement age to pay for pensions
• Lack of young workforce
• Increase in cost of healthcare and pensions - more taxes

Life in Leeds: 

• ASDA and ARLA headquarters
• rich industrial and diverse heritage
• 1884 - first Marks and Spencers opened in Leeds
• 2014 - Tour de France cylists start in Leeds
• New affordable housing but also old victorian architecture

Importance at a regional, national and global scale:

• 2nd largest metropolitian district in England
• 3rd highest levels of inequality in the UK
• attracted interest through global connections between clothing firms
• good export links

Sustainable strategies for the future of leeds:

• Leeds 2030 - solve housing, social inequality and unemployment
• HS2 - high speed railway in Leeds by 2032

Challenges affecting Leeds:

• Wealthy areas: Moseley Wood and Cookridge vs Poorer areas: Gipton and Harehills
• 20% children in poverty
• 3rd highest levels of inequlity in UK
• Studentification - South headingly -> property price inflation -> higher crime rates
• 15% of residents in Holbeck on benefits vs 0.2% of residents in Weatwood on benefits
• Unemployment (young people)
• enviromental problems - water and air

Influence and patterns of migration:

• West Indian carnival every year 
• 1800s - large Irish community - The Bank
• 1900s - slum clearance forced out communities
• 1950s - Carribbean community - Harehills
• 1950s - Irish arrivals (over 30,000) finding work in labouring - South Bank
• Post WWII - Welcomed Polish, Ukranine and Hungarian refugees - Inner City Leeds
• 2004 - Lithuania and Poland due to EU extension (6,000 - 9,000)