P.E Gcse - Bones and Ligaments

Which of the following statements best describes a function of a ligament?

A. Provides movement for the joint

B. Providdes joint stability

C. Provides a point of muscle attachment to bones

D. Provides protection for the surface of the bone.

Answer: B

Name all the bones in the lower part of the body?

Answer: Patella,Tarsals, metatarsels, Phalanges

What type of synovial joint is the knee?

Answer: hinge

There can be very slight rotation or sideways movement at the knee joint. What stabilises the knee joint to prevent unwanted movement?

Answer: Ligaments

As well as slight rotation what are 2 types of movement possible at the knee?

Answer: Flexsion & Extension

Tendons are very important components of a join. what is their function?

Answers:To attach muscle to bone.

Pivot     Ball and socket     Radius    adduction   trapezius    rotation      extension   Bicep     Hinge         scapula        Thoracic vertebrae     agonistic     femur              atlas and axis      humerus      Flexion      Ulna     clavicle   

In a photo the swimimmers arm is bent at the elbow.                                                 The  elbow is a _________ joint. The bones that form this joint are the ______,______ and _______.

The type of movement possible atthe elbow joint is _____ and _____  and the muscles which allow the muscle to bend and straighten in this way are the ______  and _______.

Answers: Hinge, Humerus, ulna, Radius, Flexion, extension, Bicep, Tricep

State two food groups that couls provide energy for a performer when working at  a intensity.

Food group 1 : ______________

Food Group 2 : ______________

Answers: Carbohydrates & Fat

Define Flexion

Answer:The action causing a limb to bend. Making an angle smaller

Define Abduction

Answer: The movement of the body away from middle or the mid line of the body 

Define Adduction:

Answer :This is the opposite of abduction and it the movement towards the mid line.

Define Extension

Answers: This is when the angle of the bones that are moving is increased e.g. when standing up from a stooped or squat position.

Define Rotation

Answer: This is when the bone turns about its longitudinal axis within the joint

Name all the types of joints

Answer: Fibrous or fixed, slightly moveable, Synovial, Hinge, Pivot, Ellipsoid, Gliding, Saddle, Ball and Socket

What is a Cartilage?

Answer: This is a soft connective tissue

Name the 3 Types of Cartilage 

Answers: Yellow elastic Cartilage, Hyaline or Blue articular cartilage & White Fibro-cartilage

Name a 2 Problems associated with joints

Answer: Arthritis and Osteoporosis

What is a Yellow elastic Cartilage?

Answer: This is a flexible tissue e.g. part of the ear lobe.