Overview of Immigration

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  • Created by: Liberty
  • Created on: 17-01-14 08:31

Introduction

  • Migration is a permanent move from one place of residence to another
  • It involves a change in the daily life activity space
  • Immigration is the flow of people into a country
  • Emigration is the flow of people out of a country
  • The country of origin is the sedning country
  • The country of destination is the receiving country
  • Most migration takes place from low-income countries to low-income countries
  • The least amount of migration takes place from high-income countries to low-income countries
  • The majority of migrants therefore come from low-income countries
  • International migrants currently account for 3.2% of the world's population
  • Decisions of migration are based on push and pull factors
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Types of Migration

  • Internal migration - migration within a country or region
  • International migration - migration from one country to another country
  • Step-migration - migration from country to country until finally reaching destination country
  • Chain migration - migration where people move to another country to join family or friends already living in the destination country
  • Seasonal migration - for work e.g. agriculture
  • Involuntary or forced migration - people forced to migrate due to factors such as war, religion, race, genocide etc
  • Return migration - people returning to their origin country e.g. retirement
  • Legal/illegal migration - people with or without permission to live in the destination country
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UN Definitions

  • The UN definition of a long-term migrant is, 'a person who moves to a country other than his/her home country for a period of at least 12 months'.
  • The UN definition of a short-term migrant is, ' a person who moves to a country other than his/her home country for a period of at least 3 months'
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Highest Receiving Countries

  • USA
  • Canada
  • Australia
  • New Zealand
  • Japan
  • EU
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Ravenstein's Laws of Migration

  • The main direction of migration is from rural to urban areas
  • People only migrate long distances if they are moving to a centre of commerce
  • Most migrants are adults
  • Migration proceeds step by step
  • Large towns grow more by migration than natural increase
  • People generally migrate short distances
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