London blocked William's advance, and he was nowhere near the North.
His army was tired and there were Saxons in the North preapred to fight.
Edwin, Morcar, Stigand, and Edgar met in London.
Using terror, William took control of the South east, with Romney, Dover and Canterbury surrendering. He attacked shires around London, such as Winchester.
In London, he built a castle so Stigand surrendered. Later so did the other nobles.
Christmas day, crowned in Westminster by Ealdred, archibishop of York.
Mistaking cheers for a revolt, the soldiers attacked locals- William was insecure.
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Rebellion- South
1067, William felt secure enough to return to Normandy.
He toured Normandy, showing off his 4 noble captives and treasure.
Fitz Osbern and Odo stayed in England. A small rebellion happened in Kent, and Eustace of Boulogne offered to come and lead it since his reward from 1066 was too small.
The English lacked leaders and were shocked by 1066's defeat so they failed.
Exeter, a rebellion against Norman taxation led by Harold's mother Gytha.
William returned and marched into Dover in 1068 using Norman and English men.
Exeter was seiged for 18 days and submitted, Gytha escaping to Flanders.
William built a castle, and marched through Devon and Cornwall.
Harold's sons from Ireland returned to Bristol but they were defeated by the English.
Devon lay seige to the Castle of Montacre, and Harold's sons invaded again- defeated.
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Rebellion- North
Firstly, Edgar, Edwin and Morcar defected to Scotland.
William had promised to sell back some land, but they had little power or influence.
Edwin was also mad that William broke his promise to marry a daughter to him.
Resistance built near York so in 1068 William invaded Warickshire, Nottinghamshire and Yorkshire, so Edwin and Morcar surrendered and William built a castle at York.
1069, the rebels attacked Durham killing a Norman earl.
In York, the rebels seiged the castle and Edgar returned to lead the rebellion.
William relieved the castle but Edgar escaped. William built another castle.
240 Danish ships arrived by the river Humber. Danes, York and Edgar rebelled.
They resented rule from the South and Edgar had a claim and Scottish links to Malcom III.
William seiged York then paid off the Vikingr, celebrating Christmas there with his crown.
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Harrying of the North
William was brutal towards Yorkshire, ravaging and laying waste to the local area.
The area did not recover for generations, shown by Orderic Vitalis (50 years later) and the Doomsday book in 1068, which called 1/3 of Yorkshire 'waste'.
William crossed the Pennines, forcing some of his troops to mutiny due to harsh weather.
The rebels were unprepared for a winter assult, and William attacked Chester and Staffod.
The Danes left the River Humber and William felt secure enough to return South.
The English resented William's regents and the mudrum tax for murdering Normans.
The Bishop of Durham thought the church was too Norman and land was lost.
Earl Cumin in the North used mercenaries to attack the Tyre, Durhman and York.
William did not feel safe from rebels copying York so he sent Mathilda back.
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East Anglian rebellion
Revolts were localised, had no co-ordination, only dealt with local grievances, lacked leaders and manpower, soldiers wanted plunder and lacked training and weapons.
1070, William deprived bishops and abbots of thier positions as well as nobles.
Some Danes and rebels went to Ely and attacked Peterborough, including Edwin and Morcar.
Ely was a defensible island, it had an abbey and rivers for reinforcements and Danish ships.
Edwin was killed by his men or William on the way to Scotland.
After threatening to ***** Ely's abbot of wealth, land and titles, he betrayed the rebels.
Hereward escaped and Morcar was captured and blinded.
1073-5, the Atheling submitted.
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Revolt of the Earls
1075, William was in Normandy, Maine and Brittany rebellions.
Led by Roger de Bretuil (Hereford), Ralph de Gael (Norfolk) and Waltheof (Northumbria).
First two Normans, Waltheof last remaining English earl. They had lost land from thier fathers.
Lanfranc, archbishop of Canterbury, found out about it from Waltheof.
The other two earls continued without a Danish army or Waltheof, lacking English support.
Lanfranc and Odo crushed the rebellion, with de Gael escaping a seige to Brittany.
de Bretail was imprisoned, but Waltheof was executed the following year.
When the Danes arrived, they sacked York Minster then left.
William's brute force meant this was the last rebellion.
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