Network Topologies

All the computers are arranged in a circle

Data sent by one computer passes around the ring until it reaches the correct computer

Advantages

• The network id not dependent on a central computer
• Each computer has the same access rights so no one can hog the computer 

Disadvantages

• If there is a break in a cable, the whole system fails
• Faults are difficult to locate
• Its impossible to keep the network running whilst new equipment is added

All the device are connected to the network on a common shared cable (backbone).

Signals are passed in either direction on the backbone.

Advantages

• Cost effective - small amount of cabling needed
• Easy to install
• Easy to add extra devices to the network

Disadvantages

• Performance is degraded if there is more than 12 devices in a network
• If there is a break in the backbone the network will not work

Uses a central connection point (hub, switch or a router) to connect all the devices in the network together.

Advantages

• Fault tolerant - if one cable fails all the others will still work and the network will not stop working
• Load tolerant - extra computers can be added without much loss in performance
• Easy to add extra computers

Disadvantages

• Higher cost - large amount of cabling
• Dependant on central hub - if this central connection point fails then the whole network will fail