Nature of volcanic eruptions and measurment

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Measuring and nature of volcanic eurptions

traditionally classifed volcanoes according to the nature of eruption - degree of violence of the eurption, which is due to type of magma and pressure of the gas.

The Volcanicty Explosive index

  • Goes from 0-8 from non explosive to mega-colossal
  • plume heigh measured
  • volume of pycolastics ejetd
  • frequency of the volcanic eruptions
  • heigher the VEI, th greater the hazard
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How to predict an volcanic eruption

All of these methods cannot be 100% accuracte

  • geothermal mapping of heat undergound - tempertrue of the rocks around the volcano rise
  • monoitring seismic activity
  • moniroting shape of the acitivy by imagery and observation centres
  • study eurption history
  • studing gas levels - gases when magma rises become less dense and seperate from the magma so rise quicker that the magma so can sense before an eruption going to occur
  • observation boreholes  measures hot spring water
  • satelitie can measure ground movement
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protection and provention

ecannot actually prevent the volcano being there and the eruption  but scientiests and egnineers have figured out ways to divert flows away from settlements and deal with their hazards

Community prepardness

  • education, stay indoors, where glasses and masks to help breathing
  • following the evacuation warning when it is going to erupt
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Protection from an volcanic eruptions

land use planning - not building on areas most at risk where they know the lava will flow

digging trenches to divert the lava flow -

building earth barries (Mt Enta in 1991 across Valle De Bove

dynamite to explode the lava tubes - the tubes are an outer shell of coolended hardened which alows the lave to flow faster as it provides insulation for the molten rock inside

pouring water on the lava flow - as water heats the superheated rock, turns to steam allowing for the lavas heat to dispense and then becomes management as they did in Iceland

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