Fulcrum = the fixed point at which the lever turns or is supported. Also called the 'axis'.
Load = the weight or 'resistance' that the lever must to move
Effort = the force required to move the load. Also called the 'force'.
- First class: fulcrum midway between load and effort (e.g. line-out in rugby)
- Second class: load between fulcrum and effort (e.g. press up)
- Third class: effort between load and fulcrum (e.g. paddling in a kayak)
Mechanical advantage measures the efficiency of a leaver.
Mechanical advantage = effort arm / load (resistance) arm
Effort arm - the distance from the effort to the fulcrum
Load arm - the distance from the load to the fulcrum
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